Funny Latin Project

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8cWGx8WVDQ8

Chapter 11

caput, capitis- n. head, leader, beginning, life, heading, chapter (capitol, captain)

consul, consulis- m. consul

nemo, nullius, nemini, neminem, nullo, nulla- m. or f. no one; nobody

ego, mei- I (egotistical)

tu, tui- you

is, ea, id- this, that, he, she, it

idem, eadem, idem- the same (identical, identity)

amicus, -a, -um- friendly (amicable, amiable)

carus, -a, -um- dear (caress, charity, cherish)

quod- conj. because

necque, nec- conj. and not; nor neque... neque or nec... nec-neither... nor

autem- postpositive conj. however, morever
bene- adv. of bonus well, satisfactory, quite (benefit, benefactor)

etiam- adv. even; also

intellego, intellegere, intellexi, intellectum- to understand(intelligent, intellect)

mitto, mittere, misi, missum- to send, let go (admit, commit)

sentio, sentire, sensi, sensum- to feel, percieve; think; experience(assent, consent)

The discovery of Pompeii

Pompeii was discovered in the 18th century, covered in 75 ft of ash. After an 18 year old dig led by Pagano near the ancient sea shore. There were cavities left from the dead bodies at Pompeii. The excavation uncovered over 300 bodies in Pompeii, there were originally 5,000 people in Pompeii. Pompeii was known for its fish, sauce, and their grand villa's. The wealthy people of pompeii poured all their money into their homes. they haad running water in their homes, not only did they have running water they had heated water.

Exam research

Part III – Essay (25 points)

Mythology

56. Choose FOUR Greek or Roman gods or goddesses and write a five paragraph academic essay comparing and contrasting those characters including at least two stories about each deity. Be as specific as possible and use your thesis statement to answer the following question: Why is mythology important? Make sure to give your definition of ‘important’.

Be sure to cite all resources in an MLA format bibliography -- only one may be Wikipedia and if you use Wiki, you must cite no less than four other sources.

So long as you are up to date with 100 saves, you may use your Delicious account as a starting point. otherwise, no web access except for your blog.

Mythology was a very important part of ancient  people's lives. Many of their lives revolved around their gods, and goddesses. There were many god, each god had different powers, and ruled over different things. There were many time that people would go to war because of a god, or the other way around. Mythology is so important because it hlped shape the world we live in today.

The first god is Zeus. He is the king of the gods, and the ruler of the human race. when Zeus was born unlike his brother's and sisters, his mom hid him from his father. She did this because Zeus's father would swallow his children whole for fear that they would over throw him. Zeus was hidden in the Diktaion  cave, where he was nursed by Amaltheia. when Zeus grew up he freed his brothers and sisters, and overthrew the Titans. When he did this he was named king of the gods. Zeus was a very strong and imposing god, and he often had long curly hair. He had the ability to throw lightning bolts down on earth. He received the power of his lightning bolt because he freed the cyclopes, and as a reward they gave him lightning bolts.

Another god is Hades. Hades was the king of the underworld, the god of death and the dead. When Zeus defeated the titans the three brother gods split up the cosmos, hades received the dark dismal realm of the underworld as his domain. Hades had a three headed watch dog named Cerberus. Cerberus would make sure that no body got in that wasn't supposed to and wouldn't let anyone out. After awhile Hades desired a wife. He petitioned to Zeus to grant him one of his daughters for a wife. The god offered him Persephone, the daughter of Demeter. Knowing the goddess would resist the marriage he had to abduct her. When Demeter found out she was furious, she caused a great dearth to fall on the earth. Hades had to concede least mankind parish. But when Persephone was down in the under world she had a bite of the pomegranate, because she did that she has to return to the under world a portion of every year. Making winter.   

The third major Greek god that split the cosmos was Poseidon. He is the god the seas rivers floods droughts earthquakes and horses. He is normally depicted holding a trident. Poseidon had a sea monster named the Ethiopian Cetus. Poseidon sent him to ravage the land of  Aithiopia as punishment for the queen's boasts that her daughter was more beautiful than Nereides. To sooth the gods she was chained to a rock as a sacrafical offering to the dragon. Poseidon also fought Polybotes in the war of the gods. Poseidon persued him across the sea and crushed him beneath the rock of Nisyros which formed the tip of the island of  Kos. 

Athena was also another well known god, she is best known for her rule over Athens (which was named after her). She was a god of wise counsel, war, the defense of towns, heroic endeavor, weaving, pottery and other crafts. Athena is the daughter of Zeus. Athena fought Poseidon for the control of Athens. Athena won establishing her control over Athens.                 

Exam

Part I – paradigms and vocab (1 point each)

Please conjugate the following:

1. Present Indicative Active of sum, esse

 sum

es

est

summis 

estis

sunt

2. Imperfect Indicative Active of sum, esse

 eram

eras

erat

eramus

eratis

erant

3. Future Indicative Active of sum, esse

 ero

eris

erit

erimus

eritis

erunt

4. Present Indicative Active of possum, posse

 possum

potes

potest

possummis

potestis

possunt

5. Imperfect Indicative Active of possum, posse

 poteram

poteras

poterat

poteramus

poteratis

poterant

6. Future Indicative Active of possum, posse

 potero

poteris

poterit

poterimus

poteritis

poterunt

7. Present Indicative Active of laudare (laudo)

 laudo

laudas

loudat

laudamus

laudatis

laudant

8. Imperfect Indicative Active of monere (monebam)

 monebam

monebas

monebat

monebamus

monebatis

monebant

9. Future Indicative Active of agere (agam)

 agam

agas

agat

agamus

agatis

agant

10. Perfect Indicative Active of agere (egi)

 egi

ego

egis

egitis

11. Perfect Indicative Active of audire (audivi)

12. Pluperfect Indicative Active of capere (ceperam)

13. Future Perfect Indicative Active of laudare (laudavero)

Please decline the following:

14. porta, -ae- gate

15. amicus, -i - friend

16. puer, -i - fatherland

17. donum, -i - owe

18. rex, regis - king

19. corpus, corporis - corpse, body

20. civis, civis - citizen

21. urbs, urbis

22. mare, maris

23. magnus, - a, -um (in masc, fem, and neut)- great

24. hic, haec, hoc (in masc, fem, and neut)- to have

25. ille, illa, illud (in masc, fem, and neut) - write

Please write the corresponding English translation for each.

26. adulescens, adulescentis- adolescence, child 

27. pater, patris- parent

28. caput, capitis- capital

29. nemo - name

30. capio, -ere- 

31. dico, -ere

32. fugio, -ere- fugitive

33. studium, -ii- stadium

34. solus, -a, -um- soul

35. duco, -ere- two

36. scribo, -ere- write

37. terra, -ae- land

38. labor, laboris - duty

39. neco, -are- 

40. discipula, -ae- student

41. noster, nostra, nostrum- learn

42. remaneo, remanere- to remain

43. otium, -ii

44. sapientia, -ae- sentence

45. vir, viri- to be

46. hodie- to have

47. antiqua, -ae- ancient

48. pecunia, -ae- fatherland

49. cogito, -are- to think

50. voco, -are- to call

Part II – Translation and Parsing (5 points each)

Please translate each selection and ID/parse every verb you come across. No dictionary. You may use Twitter as a lifeline between yourselves; I shall be watching the feed and if it seems as though you are using it as a crutch, you'll be blocked -- so use it only in moderation.

51. Puella mea me non amat. Vale, puella! Catullus obdurat: poeta puellam non amat, formam puellae non laudat, puellae rosas non dat, et puellam non basiat! Ira mea est magna! Obduro, mea puella – sed sine te non valeo. [ obdurare – to be firm, tough; basiare – to kiss ]

Please my friend love me not. Hello, friend! Firm Catullus : Friend's does not love poetry, praise not friend's poetry, but not Freind's roses, kiss is not friend! Great is my ira! My firm father - call you not sed sine. 

amat- 3rd person, sing, pres, act, indicative of amare meaning to love

obdurat- 3rd person, sing, pres, act, indicative of obduare meaning to be firm

laudat- 3rd person, sing, pres, act, indicative of laudare meaning to praise

basiat- 3rd person, sing, pres act indicative of basiare meaning to kiss

est- 3rd person sing, pres, act, indicative of esse meaning to be

valeo- 1st person, sing, pres, act, indicative of valere meaning to call

52. “Exercitus noster est magnus,” Perscius inquit, “et propter numerum sagittarum nostrarum caelum non videbitis!” Tum Lacedaemonius respondet: “In umbra, igitur, pugnabimus!” Et Leonidas, rex Lacedaemoniorum, exclamat: “Pugnate cum animis, Lacedaemonii; hodie apud umbras fortasse cenabimus!” [ exercitus – army; Persicus, -i – a Persian; inquit – says; sagitta, -ae – arrow; Lacedaemonius, -i – a Spartan; umbra, -ae – shade; pugnare – to fight; rex – king; exclamare – to shout; fortasse – perhaps ]

Great is Exercitus noster, Prescius, The teacher will see a number sagittarum nostarum caelum. Turn Spartan, respond. We shall fight in the shade! Shouted Leonidas, the Spartan king: Spartans love war cum; 

magnus- 2nd person sing pres act indicative of magnare meaning great

inquit- infinitive meaning to say

videbitis- 2nd plural future act indicative of video meaning to see

pugnabimus- 1st plural future act indicative of pugnare meaning to fight

exclamat- 3rd person pres act indicative of exclamare meaning to shout

  

53. Cornelio, viro magnae sapientiae, dabo pulchrum librum novum. Corneli, mi amice, libros meos semper laudabas, et es magister doctus litterarum! Quare habe novum laborem meum: fama libri (et tua fama) erit perpetua. [ doctus, -a, -um – learned, scholarly ]

Cornelio, great sentences, dabo pulchrum book novum. Corneli, i love, praised book meos semper, It is teacher's scholarly letters! Qaure habe novum laborem meum: liberties's fame (is the fame) erit perpetua. 

54. Dum in magna urbe declamas, mi amice, scriptorem Troiani belli in otio relego. [ urbs, urbis – city; declamare – to declaim; relegere – to re-read ]

Declaim in the great urban battle, i love, reading about the Trojan war.   

55. Civitas bellum sine causa bona aut propter iram gerere non debet. Si fortunas et agros vitasque populi nostri sine bello defendere poterimus, tum pacem conservare debebimus; si, autem, non poterimus servare patriam libertatemque nostram sine bello, bellum erit necessarium. Semper debemus demonstrare, tamen, magnum officium in bello, et magnam clementiam post victoriam. [ autem – however; ]

Citizens owe war to causa bona aut discipline to be gerere not. Father land is fortified in farms vitasque people nostri sine war defended. They will owe the conservation of peace; is, however, war not serve the fatherland  liberty and nostram sine war, war is to be necessary. Semper is owed demonstration, tamen, great officials in war, is magnificent clementiam after victory.

  

Part III – Essay (25 points)

Mythology

56. Choose FOUR Greek or Roman gods or goddesses and write a five paragraph academic essay comparing and contrasting those characters including at least two stories about each deity. Be as specific as possible and use your thesis statement to answer the following question: Why is mythology important? Make sure to give your definition of ‘important’.

Be sure to cite all resources in an MLA format bibliography -- only one may be Wikipedia and if you use Wiki, you must cite no less than four other sources.

So long as you are up to date with 100 saves, you may use your Delicious account as a starting point. otherwise, no web access except for your blog.

Bellerophon

Bellerophon was an important hero worshipped like a god of Ancient Corinth. He was a son of Glaucus and Eurynome and the grandson of Sisyphus, the cheater of death. According to the historian and mythographer Apollodorus, Bellerophon’s real name was Hipponous, but he received the latter name after he had killed his brother Belleros and went to exile.


Bellerophon was married to the princess Philonoe and they were blessed with three children: Hippolochos, Isander and Laodameia, the mother of Sarpedon. According to the Greek poet Homer, Isander and Laodameia got later on killed by Ares and Artemis respectively.

Europe

Europe was a beautiful princess from Argos. Europe was born in Asia and was the sister of Cadmus, the founder of Thebes.


Europe was playing with her girlfriends in the fields when king of the godsZeus passed by and noticed her. Amazed by her beauty, he took the shape of a white bull with golden horns to abduct the maid.


Europe noticed the bull among the herd and playfully mounted him; together, they traveled until Crete. Only when they arrived in Gortyn in Crete, Zeus revealed his true identity and Europe laid with Zeus under a platan which became evergreen. The couple created three sons: Minos, the king of Crete, Sarpidon and Radamanthus.

Theseus

Theseus was the son of king Aegeus of Athens. Aegeus, concerned that he had reached a certain age without having ancestors, went to Delphi to consult the Delphic oracle, but he received a prophecy he could not understand. So, on his way back home, he decided to stop by at Troezen and ask King Pittheus for advice.

Instead of supporting him Pittheus rather tricked Aegeus to lie with his daughter Aethra , in the hope that Aethra would conceive Aegeus child. However, at the same night, Aethra had been previously seduced by the greek god Poseidon; so Theseus was considered to have had two divine origins.

Before heading off to Athens, Aegeus left a sword and sandals under a rock and told Aethra that when his son was strong enough to lift the rock, she should send him to Athens. Knowing who the father of Theseus really was, Aethra agreed.

Theseus grew up in the palace of Pittheus and indeed became an extraordinarily strong man. At the age of 16, he already was capable to lift the rock and leave for Athens. Although Theseus was advised to travel by sea, he prefered to take the land route from Troezen to Athens; this way, he had to go through numerous adventures and obstacles.

When Theseus reached Athens, he did not reveal his identity at first. Aegeus’ new wife Medea, who already had a child with Aegeus and possessed the gift of prophecy, saw a threat in Theseus and told Aegeus that Theseus was conspiring against him. So Aegeus sent Theseus away to Marathon to tame the Cretan Bull. Theseus was able to accomplish the task and, back in Athens, he sacrificed the bull to Apollo Delphinius.

When he returned to Athens, Medea again tried to harm Theseus by poisoning him. But at that point, Aegeus recognized his son from his sandals and his sword and knocked the cup from his hands. From that moment on, father and son were reunited and Medea was exiled with her son to Asia. Theseus became the king and founding hero of Athens and always occupied a special place in the hearts of the Athenians.

Argos

Argos was a very important and the second oldest city of Ancient Greece , located in the northeast part of the Peloponnese, close to Nafplion. Argos was founded by Phoroneus, but the mythological founder of Argos was Argos, son of Zeus and Niobe. 


Argos was a wealthy, rich watered region so it inevitably became attractive for two Olympian gods: Hera, the beautiful wife of Zeus, and Poseidon, the moody god of the Seas, who was charmed by the city's calm waters. 


At one point, the dispute became so strong that the Rivers, who were the powers of the city, had to sit on a committee and take a fair decision. After long-run negotiations, the Rivers finally vote for Hera. Poseidon was full of rage with their decision- after all, they were his cousins!- so he went on to dry out the once rich-watered land of Argos.

Brauron

Brauron(Vravrona) is an ancient sanctuary site of Greece located at the Aegean coast, approx. 35 km away from Athens. Vravrona was one of the 12 ancient cities of Attica.


Brauron particularly worshipped Greek goddess Artemis as the goddess of vegetation and hunting and also the protector of childbirth. Her temple is the main attraction of Vravrona and has been partly excavated in 1948. It is now exhibited in the Archeological Museum of Vravrona. Another attraction of Vravrona is the temple of Iphigeneia, the priestess of Artemis who died and was buried there.


Brauron was also popular because of a festival of "Brauronia" in honour of Artemis. The Brauronia festival was held every four years and traditionally, young Attic girls at the age of 10 were dressed as bears and dedicated objects and games to the goddess Artemis.

Paphos

Paphos is named after the daughter of Aphrodite and the legendary Greek sculptor Pygmalion and was the capital of Cyprus in Greco-Roman times. Paphos is located at the crossroads of three continents. 25 km east of the island, the mythical birthplace of Aphrodite is located: the "Rocks of Aphrodite", also known as "Petra tou Romiou", taking its name from the legendary byzantine frontier-guard Dighenis Akritas, is a spot of spectacular beauty and one of the most beautiful beaches in Cyprus.

Thebes

Thebes is located south of Boeotia, northwest of Athens and was originally a Mycenaean city of Ancient Greece. Thebes was founded by Cadmus in Boeotia about 1000 B.C. with the name Cadmea and replaced Orchomenus as the region’s leading city. Thebes is birthplace of the greek hero Heracles and also the lyric poet Pindar and the general Epaminondas. Thebes is also popular because of Aeschylus' play, Seven Against Thebes. Main attractions of Thebes include the Mycenaean palace of Cadmus and the Lion of Chaeronea.

Delos

Delos is a small cycladic island of Greece and is situated close to the cosmopolitan island of Mykonos. According to Greek mythology, in the beginning Delos was a sole rock named 'Asteria' or 'Ortygia'; it didn't have a fixed position but was floating and wandering around oceans and seas.


Delos was discovered by the beautiful mortal Leto, one of Zeus' mistresses who, after a lot of travelling, settled on the island to give birth to her twins, the Olympian gods Artemis and Apollo. Only then could the island obtain a fixed spot right in the center of the Cyclades and received the name Delos ("the unconcealed one").


With the birth of Apollo, the god of the Sun, immediately the sun blazed down the island and the island of Delos was declared the sacred Island of Antiquity.

Herculese and Lernaean Hydra

The Lernaean Hydra was a water beast with nine snake-like heads and poisonous breath that was living in lake Lerna of Argos. The Lernean Hydra was the offspring of Typhon and Echidna and the sister of the Lion Nemea, which Heracles had feated on his first labour.


With the help of his nephew, Iolaos, Heracles found the monster in the source Amimoni. Using an axe he began to cut its heads, but on every attempt, two new ones would always come out in their place.


Heracles then told Iolaos to turn on a torch and to burn the flesh immediately, after having cut off the monster's head. The idea this was crowned with success and no new ones could grow out.


When he managed to also cut off its ninth head, which was in the middle of body and immortal, Heracles buried it deeply into the ground and put a huge stone on it. Then he dunked his arrows in the bile of Hydra, which was poisonous.


King Evrystheas, however, declared the labor as incomplete with the excuse that Iolaos had helped Heracles.

Herculese and the lion of Nemea

Heracles was asked to kill a huge Lion that was dwelling in Nemea, southwest of Corinth and mangled persons and animals, terrorizing the population of the region. The lion was trained up by Hera and had a skin that was impervious even to iron weapons.


When Heracles met the Lion of Nemea, he attempted to use his arc, but the arrows were incapable to kill the lion so Heracles had to use his club and followed him in a cavern with two entrances.


Heracles covered one entrance with stones and entered from the other in order to find the lion. Without using his club, he grapped the lion from the neck, twirled him and with the immense force of his hands he choked it to death.


Next, Heracles delivered the lion to Evrystheas and out of its skin he made a suit of armour. In order to memorize his labor, Heracles inaugurated the Nemeian Games to praise the King of the god Zeus.

Hephaestus

Hephaestus was the son of Zeus and Hera , although it was considered by some that he had been conceived prenuptially. Hephaestus was married to Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of Beauty, but unfortunately Aphrodite never devoted herself entirely to Hephaestus.


Hephaestus was a very kind and loveable god, but was the only deity who was physically ugly and lame. When his mother Hera saw him for the first time, she was so frustrated that she took her son and threw him from Mount Olympus to the depths of the seas, causing a deformation to his leg. Hephaestus was finally rescued by two Nereids, Thetis and Eurynome, who raised him for nine years inside a cave, far away and hidden from his cruel mother.


Hephaestus had his working lay beneath the crater of the volcano of Aetna in Italy. There, he was working together closely with the one-eyed Cyclops to create strong thunderbolts for his masterZeus. Hephaestus was also famous for having created the first woman of the ancient world, Pandora.